A data center cooling technique called immersion cooling is immersing computer parts in a liquid that conducts heat. Heat is transferred from the component parts to this liquid, which subsequently eliminates heat from the computer hardware. Heat is conducted by the dielectric fluid, but electricity is not.
Data centers of the future and those of the present are increasingly using immersion cooling. By eliminating active cooling elements like fans and heat sinks, it can enable a far higher density of processing power. In PhonePe's new liquid immersion data center, for instance, the entire server is dipped in non-conductive synthetic oil.
The global immersion cooling market in data centers size was valued at USD 245 million in 2021. It is estimated to reach an expected value of USD 1675 million by 2030 at a CAGR of 23.8% during the forecast period (2022-2030).
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The latest trends and applications of immersion cooling in data centers include:
Efficiency Optimization: Because of its exceptional efficiency optimizations, immersion cooling—also referred to as liquid immersion cooling—is becoming more and more well-liked. It is a favored option for cooling heat-intensive equipment, such as servers with power densities more than 15 kW per rack, because it can offer cooling that is up to 1000 times more efficient than conventional air-cooling methods.
Energy Savings: Compared to conventional cooling techniques, immersion cooling has been shown to give considerable electricity savings—up to 99%, according to reports. This energy-efficient method helps to save the environment and save money.
Space Efficiency: Immersion cooling conserves vital data center space while also increasing energy efficiency. It is a space-efficient solution for high-density computer environments, taking up around one-third of the area required for air-cooled setups.
Increase in Rack Density: A significant increase in rack density is made possible by immersion cooling. Over 380 kW of compute can be stored by fully populated immersion racks, as opposed to the 5-7 kW that traditional data center cabinets can normally hold. With a smaller footprint, more potent processing capabilities are made possible by the higher rack density.
Noise Reduction: Since immersion cooling systems don't need fans to cool, they produce less noise than conventional cooling techniques, which rely on airflow and fans. The atmosphere of the data center is quieter as a result of this drop in noise levels.
Future-Proofing Investments: By giving next-generation goods and technologies more time to be introduced, immersion cooling in data centers helps future-proof investments. It guarantees long-term viability and efficiency by enabling scalability and adaptation as computing demands change.
The potential drawbacks of using immersion cooling in data centers include:
Greater Upfront Expenses: Compared to conventional air-cooled systems, the installation of an immersion cooling system usually entails greater upfront expenses. This includes costs for specialized tanks, liquid cooling, and infrastructure modifications—all of which can be difficult for smaller businesses with tighter budgets.
Management Learning Curve: IT teams may encounter a learning curve when switching from maintaining air-cooled systems to liquid-based immersion cooling systems. Employees used to conventional cooling techniques could find it difficult to adjust to the subtleties of liquid cooling dynamics, necessitating further training and modifications to maintenance protocols.
Challenges with Configuration: Although immersion cooling systems might reduce floor area, they could need additional overhead room for cranes to work on installation or maintenance. In order to accommodate immersion tanks, data centers may need to change their architecture. This means it more suitable for net new builds or retrofits rather than existing setups.
As immersion cooling offers a far higher level of efficiency, it outperforms typical air-cooling infrastructure in terms of energy efficiency. Immersion cooling systems have an outstanding Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of roughly 1.2, reflecting a 96% boost in computing efficiency compared to regular air cooling systems, which typically have a PUE ratio of about 2.The greater thermal conductivity of the liquids employed in immersion cooling—which can be more than 1,400 times more effective than air in conducting heat away from crucial components—is responsible for this increased energy efficiency.Immersion cooling systems are a more economical and environmentally friendly option for data centers because they may save up to 99% on electricity when compared to conventional cooling techniques.
Top Keyplayers of Immersion Cooling Market are:
Fujitsu Ltd.
Green Revolution Cooling Inc.
Summer Technologies Sl
Liquid Stack Inc.
Asperitas Company
Liquidcool Solutions
Midas Green Technologies
Iceotope Technologies Limited
Wiwynn Corporation
Dcx Ltd
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Conclusion:
Immersion cooling is one of the biggest moves toward more ecologically friendly and effective cooling systems in data centers. Immersion cooling increases processing power density and significantly reduces energy consumption by immersing computer components in a liquid that effectively transfers heat in place of more conventional active cooling components like fans and heat sinks.
Immersion cooling, which offers a more affordable and ecologically friendly option to traditional cooling techniques, is on track to become a common procedure in data center cooling as it continues to gain popularity.
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